Prenatal diagnosis of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum: a single-center study in China

Table 1 The condition of PA/IVS fetuses in early pregnancy

Case	Gestational week	Cardiac findings	Diagnosis	Extracardiac abnormalities	Outcome
1	13w0d	Hypoplastic RV. Retrograde ductus arteriosus flow. Multiple bidirectional turbulent flows within hypertrophied RV myocardium. Pericardial effusion (0.19 cm).	PA/IVS, VCAC, PE	NT thickening(3.2 mm), SUA	Termination, microanatomy
2	13w0d	Enhanced echogenicity of the tricuspid valve with slightly restricted opening. Moderate TR. Retrograde ductus arteriosus flow with smaller diameter than aortic flow.	PA/IVS	Reversed DV a-wave	PA/IVS with VCAC confirmed by echocardiography at 18 weeks. Selective fetal reduction.
3	12w4d	Hypoplastic RV. Retrograde ductus arteriosus flow with smaller diameter than aortic flow. Multiple bidirectional turbulent flows within hypertrophied RV myocardium.	PA/IVS, VCAC	Reversed DV a-wave	Termination
4	13w5d	Dilated right atrium and ventricle. Severe TR. Retrograde ductus arteriosus flow. Pericardial effusion (0.2 cm).	EA, PA/IVS, PE	NT thickening (7.0 mm), generalized cutaneous edema, nasal bone dysplasia	Termination

RV: right ventricle; PA: pulmonary artery; PE: pericardial effusion; TR: tricuspid regurgitation

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